“A study on Partial Cement Replacement with Pulverized Fuel Ash (PFA) and Oyster Shell Ash (OSA) for Concrete Properties "

Concrete is one of the most commonly used building materials.The majority of the components in concrete mix consist of sand, cement, water, and aggregate.River sand and standard Portland cement are commonly used as fine aggregates and cement in concrete mixes.This problem can be rectified by substituting pulverized fuel ash (PFA) and oyster shell ash (OSA) for cement.By adding more mineral admixtures, the workability of ternary mixes comprising pulverized fuel ash (PFA) and oyster shell ash (OSA) improved and surpassed that of closely related concrete.The binary mix with a higher percentage substitution of pulverized fuel ash (PFA) and oyster shell ash (OSA) had lower and higher workability, respectively.These tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties like compressive strength and spilt tensile strength and flexural strength up to 7 days, 14 days and 28 days.In this work, M30 grade concrete was developed by replacing cement via 10%,15%,20%,25% and 30% of hypo sludge.The strength on concrete made with hypo sludge are compared with normal concrete.Industrial wastes are being produced per annum by chemical and agricultural process in India.These materials possess problems of disposal and health hazards.