Determining Heterosis in F1 Hybrids for Yield and Morphological Traits under Water Stress Conditions

The experiment was conducted during year 2019 at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA), Tandojam. F1 hybrids was sown in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Genotypes viz., HHZ5-SAL10-DT2-DT1, GML-498, GML-511, IR-04L-191 and GML-510 were selected. These genotypes were crossed using 5 x 5 full diallel crossing method. Their performance under water stress and non-stress conditions was evaluated for different morphological and yield contributing traits. It was revealed from the findings that rice genotypes were highly significant for the traits plant height, tillers plant-1, plant biomass, panicle length, spikelets plant-1, peduncle length plant-1, 100 grain weight, number of grain panicle-1, grain weight plant-1, panicle weight plant-1 and days to 75% heading. Moreover, For Plant height, Tillers per plant and Days to 75% heading genotypes GML-511 × GML-498, HHZ-5-SAL10-DT1-DT1 × GML-498 and HHZ-5-SAL10-DT1-DT1 × GML-510 displayed heterosis. For Plant biomass (g), genotypes IR-04L191 × GML-510 and for Panicles plant-1 genotypes HHZ-5-SAL10-DT1-DT1 × GML-511 showed better performance. Moreover, Fo panicle length (cm) genotype GML-511 × GML-498 and for spikelets panicle-1 genotypes IR-04L191 × HHZ-5-SAL10-DT1-DT1 showed better performance. For peduncle length plant-1 (cm) and 100 grain weight (g) genotypes GML-511 × GML-510, GML-498 × GML-511 and GML-511 × IR-04L191 displayed heterosis. For number of grains panicle-1 heterosis was observed in GML-498 × GML-511. For grain weight plant-1 (g) IR-04L191 × GML-498 displayed heterosis. For panicle weight plant-1 genotype crosses such as GML-510 × GML-511 and GML-498 × HHZ-5-SAL10-DT1-DT1 displayed heterosis. Heterosis in F1 Hybrids exhibited by the selective crosses under water stress condition for yield and morphological traits and these genotypes crosses could be used in breeding program for developing drought tolerant rice genotypes.