Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM): A Case Series Based Review
Abstract
Protein–energy malnutrition (PEM) remains a major contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Accurate classification is fundamental for diagnosis, prognostication, and management. Multiple classification systems have evolved over time, including the Gomez, Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP), Waterlow, and World Health Organization (WHO) classifications. This case-based review integrates classical concepts with current WHO recommendations, highlighting practical clinical application through representative case vignettes and management algorithms relevant for postgraduate pediatric training.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Child Nutrition and Water Access
Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
Infant Nutrition and Health
Publication details
- Journal / source
- INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT SCIENCE
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 1
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026
- Language
- EN