Organic farming and Sustainable Development in India: Environmental, Economic,and Socio cultural Perspectives

India’s agriculture sector faces serious sustainability challenges arising from soil degradation, declining groundwater levels, chemical contamination, climate variability, and farmer distress. In this context, organic farming has emerged as a promising pathway toward sustainable agricultural development. This paper examines the role of organic farming in promoting sustainable development in India by analysing its environmental, economic, and social dimensions. Drawing on secondary data from peer-reviewed literature, government reports, and international organizations, the study highlights how organic farming contributes to soil health restoration, biodiversity conservation, climate resilience, rural livelihoods, and human well-being. The paper also evaluates national initiatives such as the Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY), Bharatiya Prakritik Krishi Paddhati (BPKP), and Sikkim’s transition to a fully organic state. Despite challenges such as certification barriers, yield uncertainty, and market access, organic farming is identified as a vital strategy for achieving sustainable development goals in India.