Editorial. Structural Reforms, Sustainability, and Economic Transformation in Emerging and Transitional Economies

This editorial introduces the Special Issue of the Journal of Applied Economic Sciences entitled “Structural Reforms, Sustainability, and Economic Transformation in Emerging and Transitional Economies.” The collection of studies examines how structural reforms interact with macroeconomic stability, institutional governance, financial sustainability, and technological innovation to shape contemporary development trajectories. Drawing on empirical evidence from Europe, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia, the contributions provide new insights into the mechanisms through which reforms influence economic resilience, institutional capacity, and sectoral transformation. Together, the articles highlight the importance of integrated policy approaches capable of supporting inclusive and sustainable economic development in emerging and transitional economies.Keywords: structural reforms; economic transformation; emerging economies; sustainability; institutional governance; digital transformation.JEL Classification: O10; O20; O43; F63.