Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Purpose: Aimed to comprehensively investigate the efficacy and safety of the dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist Tirzepatide on overweight and obesity. Methods: Embase, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP databases were searched using standard keywords to identify all controlled trials investigating the weight loss effects of Tirzepatide. RevMan 5.3 was used for analysis. Results: Eleven randomized controlled trials with 11,710 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-regression analysis. The pooled findings showed that Tirzepatide vs control significantly reduced body weight (mean difference (MD): -7.38, 95% confidence interval (CI): -13.66 to -1.09). The results of subgroup analysis showed that the trend of weight loss is dose-dependent (5mg: MD: -6.87, 95%CI:-10.29 to -3.45; 10 mg: MD: -9.62, 95%CI: -13.11 to -6.13; 15mg: MD: -11.00, 95%CI: -14.29 to -7.70). HbA1c (MD: -1.38, 95% CI: -1.52 to -1.23). The total incidence of adverse reactions in Tirzepatide vs control was significantly increased (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.57, 95%CI: 1.35 to 1.81), and these adverse reactions were even greater, especially with higher doses and duration of Tirzepatide. Conclusions: The administration of Tirzepatide medication has demonstrated noteworthy effects on weight management, resulting in reductions in both body weight and HbA1c levels. These effects may potentially be dependent on the dosage administered. Consequently, for individuals with diabetes who experience significant impacts on body weight, the utilization of Tirzepatide can be regarded as a viable therapeutic approach for obese individuals.