Thermal radiation impact on cellular viability: Comparative modeling of tolerable and lethal distances using probit methods

One of the persistent challenges in medical biophysics and radioprotection lies in defining the biological tolerance limits to external physicochemical stressors.In this study, we introduce a comparative analytical framework examining two distinct yet convergent aggressors known to produce severe cytotoxic outcomes: Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), the principal drivers of oxidative damage, and thermal radiation, a source of extensive tissue injury.Through a unified mathematical formulation based on Probit analysis, we establish a functional model linking the minimum distance at which cells can withstand a non-harmful ROS dose to the critical distance associated with lethal thermal exposure.By integrating in vitro observations with energypropagation models, we derive probabilistic dose-distance relationships that delineate specific threshold domains for each stressor and reveal an intermediate region of variable cellular vulnerability.This dual-axis methodology offers a predictive tool with potential applications in public health preparedness, industrial and technological hazard assessment, and the broader investigation of cellular responses to high-intensity physicochemical insults.