Assessing Higher-Order thinking skills: Development and content validation of a Domain-Specific test in business mathematics

Critical and creative thinking skills are essential for Business Mathematics students because they support effective problem-solving and decisionmaking.This study aimed to develop and validate a test instrument to measure these skills in the context of Business Mathematics learning.The instrument was developed using the PLOMP model, with a focus on the assessment phase, and expert validation was conducted by five specialists in mathematics education and evaluation.Data were analyzed using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and Content Validity Index (CVI), where all 8 critical thinking and 8 creative thinking items achieved perfect scores of 1.00.Construct validity testing using Pearson Product-Moment correlation indicated that all items met the required criteria with r_calculated>r_table. Reliability testing also showed high internal consistency with Cronbach's Alpha values of α=0.883and α=0.817.These results confirm that the instrument is valid, reliable, and feasible for further implementation.