Body Mass Index and Optimizing Physical Activity Levels in Rehabilitation Patients

Obesity represents a global health issue that leads to long-term repercussions for all organ systems, thereby causing negative health outcomes, higher healthcare costs, and disability. Although bariatric surgery and pharmacological treatment remain the primary courses of action, rehabilitation programs can make a significant contribution to addressing functional impairment. Optimal rehabilitation programs require tailored physical exercise prescriptions, adapted environments, and interdisciplinary coordination. Physical activity remains a central element, with international guidelines recommending between 150 and 300 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week. Emerging approaches, such as aquatic therapy for cardiovascular and metabolic improvement, in combination with nutritional interventions focusing on macronutrient intake and adequate hydration, need to be implemented in a personalized plan.