Historical Water Management in the Vicinity of Banská Štiavnica under Changing Climatic Conditions
Abstract
From the sixteenth to nineteenth century, a unique and significant water management system was built in Banská Štiavnica and its vicinity, which served the local mines. The water management system consisted of water canals (collecting and transporting) and water tunnels, which concentrated on surface water from rain and snow from Štiavnica Mountains and brought it to the reservoirs of tajchy (the historical water structures). Water from tajchy was drained into transporting water canals that brought water to the mines. Here, water was used as energy power for huge pumping machines that started to pump groundwater from flooded mines. The whole water management system included 170 km collecting and transporting water canals with water tunnels and from 60 water structures. The water management system was one of the largest and the most unique systems in the world. About 32 years back it was listed on the list of world heritage UNESCO with the town of Banská Štiavnica but the system is not used right now and it is in danger. Is it possible to preserve the water management system and use it for citizens and nature during climate change?
Fields of Study & Subjects
Water management and technologies
Archaeology and Natural History
Urbanism
Landscape
and Tourism Studies
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Environmental sciences
- Publication date
- 27 January 2026
- Language
- EN
- Document type
- Book chapter