Dataset from long-term experiments in temperate croplands to evaluate soil organic carbon models

The dataset contains data from 167 agronomic treatments in 34 agronomic long-term experiments (LTE) located in temperate croplands, allowing the evaluation of several soil carbon models (RothC, Century, CTOOL, AMG, MIMICS, ICBM, Millenial). The dataset includes climate data, soil properties, carbon inputs from crops (n=4588 records) and organic amendments, irrigation data, monthly soil cover, as well as soil organic carbon stocks measurements in topsoil layer (n=1328 records). Climate data were extracted from daily climate databases. Carbon inputs from crops were calculated from observed yields and harvest index, combined with crop allometric coefficients from the literature. Descriptions of LTE, agronomic treatments, methodological metadata, and a part of the code, accompanies the dataset. The dataset can be reused to evaluate single soil organic carbon models, or to evaluate an ensemble of models.