Dual-satellite POSP aerosol product dataset from GF-5(02) and DQ-1 (Nov 2021–Dec 2025)

This dataset provides dual-satellite aerosol products derived from observations of the Particulate Observing Scanning Polarimeter (POSP) onboard the GaoFen-5(02) (GF-5(02)) and DaQi-1 (DQ-1) satellites, covering the period from November 2021 to December 2025. POSP provides multispectral cross-track scanning polarimetric observations from the ultraviolet to the shortwave infrared, enabling multiple daily observations of the coupled surface–atmosphere system at the global scale. These observations provide important sensitivity to aerosol optical and microphysical properties.A physics-guided cascaded deep learning framework is employed to jointly retrieve multiple aerosol parameters under physical consistency constraints. The dataset includes multi-wavelength aerosol optical depth (AOD), together with aerosol size-related and absorption-related optical and microphysical parameters. Quality-control and diagnostic variables are also provided to support quantitative analysis and application-oriented studies. The retrieval framework preserves physically meaningful relationships among parameters and enables direct cross-satellite transfer between POSP-equipped platforms, producing consistent aerosol products without retraining.Validation against ground-based AERONET observations demonstrates high accuracy of the multi-channel AOD products, with correlation coefficients of 0.93–0.96 and NRMSE values of 0.014–0.018. Independent cross-satellite evaluation also shows stable performance, with correlation coefficients of 0.89–0.95 and NRMSE values of 0.021–0.026. Aerosol size-related and absorption-related parameters also show good agreement with corresponding AERONET products.Retrievals from GF-5(02) and DQ-1 are further merged into a unified dual-satellite product, improving daily representativeness and spatial coverage. The dataset can support global and regional analyses of aerosol spatial distributions and seasonal variability, long-term monitoring of absorbing aerosols, studies of extreme aerosol events such as wildfire smoke evolution, and assessments of climate and environmental impacts.