ETHICAL ASPECTS AND BIAS ISSUES IN LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS (LLM)

The problem of bias in large language models (LLM), such as GPT, is one of the most relevant in the field of artificial intelligence. Biases inherited from unrepresentative and unfair training data can lead to discriminatory and harmful results that increase social inequality. The purpose of this article is to systematize and investigate the sources of bias, methods for detecting it, and ways to mitigate it. The paper formalizes the problem of displacement as a multi-criteria optimization problem, and also suggests a mathematical modeling methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of various methods of reducing displacement. The methodology considers approaches such as data preprocessing, fine tuning, and controlled output generation (RLHF). The simulation results demonstrate that the combined use of these methods can significantly reduce the level of bias, but does not eliminate it completely. The key conclusion is the need for a comprehensive, multi-step approach to managing bias throughout the LLM lifecycle, as well as the importance of developing better detection methods and ethical standards.