Remedial Learning Program on Students' Improved Learning Outcomes: A Reference to Rwanda's Initiative in Basic Education

The remedial learning program in Rwanda was set as part of the government's education policy to strengthen educational outcomes for primary education. This initiative addresses the academic challenges that primary school learners face, especially in lower primary. Thus, a study assessing a remedial learning program's impact on students' learning outcomes in basic education in Rwanda. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study purposefully selected 20 primary school teachers, 100 students, 10 school leaders, 10 parents, and 10 education stakeholders (NGO staff) from across Rwanda, representing four provinces and the city of Kigali, to ensure both regional diversity and National relevance. In total, the study engaged 150. Quantitative data were analyzed in Microsoft Excel, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that students' performance was boosted to some extent by the program itself, particularly in foundational areas such as literacy and numeracy. However, key challenges affecting learning outcomes include overcrowded classrooms, learner absenteeism, and a shortage of teaching and learning materials (TLMs). Additionally, the study emphasized the importance of creating personalized, interactive, and scaffolded learning environments in which learners support each other with appropriate guidance.