Integrating Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) into Engineering Education: A Framework for Innovation and Implementation

This paper presents a comprehensive and practice-oriented framework for integrating Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS) into engineering education in alignment with NEP 2020 and India’s developmental vision of Viksit Bharat @2047. India possesses a vast scientific heritage rooted in mathematics, metallurgy, architecture, ecology, linguistics, and astronomy. Despite these contributions, contemporary engineering programs rely primarily on Western models. This paper reviews historical contexts, analyzes scholarly works, identifies implementation challenges, and presents an eight-stage roadmap integrating technology-enabled learning, policy alignment, faculty development, research pathways, and industry collaboration. The findings highlight the transformative capacity of IKS in shaping culturally grounded, sustainable, and innovation-driven engineering graduates while offering actionable strategies for academic institutions and policymakers nationwide.