Assessment of Coagulation Activity and Hemoben Application in Patients with Extensive Burns

Acute burn trauma is accompanied by numerous systemic pathological alterations, among which dysfunctions of the hemostatic system play a crucial role. Burn injuries lead to profound disturbances in coagulation and fibrinolytic mechanisms as a result of vascular endothelial damage, microcirculatory disorders, and excessive production of inflammatory mediators. These changes significantly increase the likelihood of thrombotic events as well as hemorrhagic complications. The severity of hemostatic abnormalities varies with the extent of the burn: minor injuries are associated primarily with laboratory-detected alterations, whereas extensive burns may progress to disseminated intravascular coagulation. Consequently, continuous assessment of hemostatic parameters is a key component in evaluating the clinical status of burn patients. Contemporary research highlights the clinical value of coagulation profiling, platelet function monitoring, and the rational application of anticoagulant or procoagulant therapies. Early identification of hemostatic dysfunctions, implementation of pathogenetically justified treatment strategies, and effective prevention of complications make it possible to markedly reduce mortality associated with burn injuries. This review discusses the principal alterations of the hemostatic system in acute burns, their clinical relevance, and current challenges in diagnosis and management.