Possibility to use attenuated Hepatitis A virus vaccine as anticancer agent against liver cancer

Attenuated viral vaccines that originally developed for infectiousdisease prevention, have established potential in cancer therapy by selectively infecting and lysing tumor cells while stimulating anti-tumor immune responses. Current work aims to try the In Vitro Immuno-Independent experiments for discover the anti-tumor activity of live attenuated Hepatitis A virus vaccine (LAHAVV) against rat hepatocellular Carcinoma (HC) Cancer cell line as well as against Rat Embryonic fibroblast (REF) Cell line as normal cells. Six concentrations of LAHAVV [35, 30, 25, 20, 15 and 10 viral particle per microliter(V/ μl)] were tested against both cancer (HC) and normal (REF) cell lines. Using the Crystal Violate Cytotoxicity Assay. Cellskilling percentages were assessedfor each of the six concentrations of vaccine, thus vaccine Ic50 were calculated. Cytopathological effects such apoptotic cells were evaluated under an inverted microscope. With significant statistical differences at a probability level lower than 0.01. The resultsfound a toxic effect of LAHAVV on all HC cancer cell line, while for the normal REF cell line, this toxic effect was correlated only with the highest concentrations of vaccine. Moreover, the study explored that the multiplicity of infection (MOI) of LAHAVV against cancer cell was greater than its MOI against normal cell (2.5 vs 1). Cytological changes were observed in cancer cells that have been treated by LAHAVV with insignificant effect on non-cancer (normal) cells.