Challenges and Opportunities in Regulating the use of Horeg Sound Systems: A Governance and Public Regulation Perspective

The use of horeg sound systems at social and cultural events such as weddings, festivals, and community gatherings has become deeply embedded in everyday practices within Indonesian society. Despite their cultural significance, the absence of clear and consistently enforced regulatory frameworks has resulted in recurrent public disturbances, particularly noise pollution that affects social order and community well being. Drawing on theories of public regulation and collaborative governance, this study examines the institutional and societal challenges encountered by local governments in regulating horeg sound system usage, while also identifying opportunities for participatory regulatory approaches. Using a qualitative research design, data were collected through semi structured interviews and surveys across several regions to capture both governmental and community perspectives. The findings reveal that regulatory effectiveness is constrained not only by limited enforcement capacity but also by fragmented public awareness and weak regulatory legitimacy. However, the study also highlights the potential of community-based participation to enhance compliance, legitimacy, and regulatory responsiveness. This research contributes to the governance literature by demonstrating how culturally embedded practices require adaptive and participatory regulatory strategies that move beyond command-and-control approaches, offering practical insights for balancing cultural expression with the protection of public order.