Analysis of Predictors of Unfavorable Outcomes of Tuberculosis Treatment in Indigenous Population of the North

The objective : to study factors influencing treatment outcomes in new tuberculosis patients from indigenous populations of the North (IPN) living in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area (YNAA). Subjects and Methods . A retrospective cohort study of treatment outcomes of new patients registered for treatment with drug-susceptible tuberculosis regimens in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area in 2010-2022 was conducted. A factor analysis of predictors of unfavorable chemotherapy outcomes in patients from indigenous population was performed. Results . Among patients from indigenous population, there is a lower proportion of successful treatment (58.79%) than among non-native permanent residents (68.45%; p = 0.001) due to high level of consequent drug resistance detection and a higher proportion of patients transferred for treatment with relevant chemotherapy regimens (p < 0.0001), as well as a higher proportion of chemotherapy failures (p = 0.001), in some patients it was associated with alcohol dependence syndrome (aOR = 2.80; p = 0.045), and late detection of tuberculosis (p = 0.01). To reduce the proportion of treatment failures among indigenous populations, it is advisable to consider their annual fluorographic examination.