Risk Analysis of Electrical Fires in Residential Buildings in Oman Using Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA)

Electrical fires are a significant global issue, resulting in injuries, fatalities, and extensive property damage. In Oman, the risk of electrical fires is particularly high due to overcrowded urban areas, which increase the likelihood of such incidents. This study uses the Fire Protection System-Layer of Protection Analysis (FPS-LOPA) to assess fire hazards and risks, focusing on the effectiveness of current safety measures in preventing electrical fires. LOPA is a risk assessment tool that systematically evaluates various protective layers, such as circuit breakers and smoke alarms, to understand their role in mitigating electrical fire risks. The study highlights the methodical examination of these protective measures and recommends improvements for enhanced fire prevention in residential settings. The findings demonstrate that LOPA provides accurate risk calculations and reliable results, proving its efficacy in reducing electrical fire risks. Implementing the suggested safety measures can significantly improve resident safety and mitigate fire hazards. The study proves that LOPA is a good way to manage fire risks because it offers a balanced plan that includes cutting-edge options while also reducing risks and making things safer.