A model-driven method for space optimization in purse seine fish holds: Application to Indian scad

Effective space utilization in fish holds is critical for optimizing storage capacity, minimizing post-harvest loss, and ensuring accurate catch volume estimations. This study presents a model-driven method for optimizing space in purse seine vessel holds through the estimation of stowage factor (SF) for Indian scad (Decapterus russelli). The approach integrates empirical box trials with CAD-based 3D modeling to simulate realistic fish packing scenarios under both fresh and frozen conditions. Box simulations using 0.01 m³ containers across three fish size categories yielded SF values between 0.511 and 0.522 t/m³. CAD simulations closely mirrored these findings, with frozen fish-particularly in head-to-tail arrangements-achieving the highest SF (up to 0.648 t/m³). A consolidated SF value of 0.529 ± 0.067 t/m³ was established as a practical benchmark for vessel design. The model-driven workflow offers a scalable, cost-effective solution for estimating hold capacity, guiding vessel layout optimization, and supporting catch documentation and compliance in small pelagic fisheries.