Flood Modeling in Boma: Relationships between Congo River Water Height, Kalamu River Flow and Social Risks

Urban flooding in Boma, Democratic Republic of Congo, represents a major challenge in the current climate change context, where the frequency and intensity of extreme events are increasing. This study focuses on analyzing the relationships between the Congo River water level, the Kalamu River discharge, and flood risks affecting the local population. The main objectives of this research are to model the Kalamu River discharge as a function of the Congo River water level and to explore the relationship between these variables and the number of flood-related deaths during the period 1985 to 2022. To achieve these objectives, a mixed methodological approach was adopted. Historical hydrological data were collected from the meteorological agency and the Congolaise des Voies Maritimes, while quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted to assess the impacts of flooding. Statistical models, such as linear regression, were used to establish the relationships between the variables studied. The results reveal a significant correlation between river water level and river discharge, as well as a direct link with the number of deaths during floods. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring water levels and improving drainage infrastructure to mitigate flood risks in Boma. Finally, it will be better to implement early warning systems and raise community awareness of flood risks. Keywords: Flood, Boma, Congo River water level, Kalamu River discharge, climate change.