Rozdílné chování párových smrkových pahorkatinných mikropovodí ve dvou hydrologicky odlišných letech

This research focused on comparing two spruce-dominated micro-watersheds with relatively similar natural conditions, located in different forest vegetation zones (FVZ). We followed two hydrologically different years 2023 and 2024, and observed differences in the amount and characteristics of extreme runoff events, which we primarily interpret as the effect of forest stands referring to their hydric functions. The local nature of the study and the short time period should be seen in the broader context of global climate change as contribution to the understanding of the changing role of forest stands in flood protection and also to the issue of extensive changes in tree species composition. Our results highlight the fact that spruce catchments in the lower altitudes (3rd FVZ) achieve significantly lower water management efficiency than spruce catchments closer to their ecological optimum (5th FVZ). This finding is important because it reminds us that challenges connected to spruce management cannot be categorically generalized but must be evaluated in local conditions. This applies, among other things, to extensive changes in tree species composition, which can have a significant positive effect on hydric conditions in the long term, but this effect can only be expected with a lag of several years.