Răspunderea penală a minorilor delincvenți în lumina reglementărilor juridico-penale a Republicii Moldova și aspecte de drept comparat

This article analyzes the criminal liability of juvenile delinquents in the Republic of Moldova, highlighting societal challenges and the need for appropriate measures. According to the Penal Code of RM, individuals who are 16 years old are subject to criminal liability, while those between 14 and 16 are only liable for specific offenses. Alternatives to detention are discussed, such as community service, and the importance of personalizing the penalty system based on age and circumstances is emphasized. In comparison, legislation in other countries, such as France and Germany, adopts educational and corrective measures for young offenders. The article also presents the psychosocial risk factors contributing to juvenile delinquency, including family environment, education, and economic conditions. It underscores the importance of an individualized approach and education in crime prevention. Statistics indicate a decrease in the number of minors in detention, but highlight the need for specialized services and rehabilitation programs. Consequently, proposals are made for legislative improvements and better training for judges in juvenile delinquency cases to support the social reintegration of minors