Features of inheritance of resistance to abiotic stresses by F1 tomato hybrids based on male gametophyte characteristics

The article presents the results of a study of direct and reciprocal F1 tomato hybrids and their multi-marker parental lines in terms of the morphological and biological characteristics of pollen grains and their ability to germinate and form tubes, including under the influence of high temperature and osmotic stress factors. The negative effect of the mutant genes ls, br, ps-2 on pollen quality and the dominant nature of their inheritance by F1 hybrids from maternal forms is shown. In combinations of direct and reciprocal crosses of closely related lines 1033, 8/234, 33/241, and L 454, all studied traits of the male gametophyte are inherited by F1 hybrids by positive dominance and positive superdominance. The identified features of the inheritance of male gametophyte traits by F1 hybrids, depending on both the direction of crossing and the characteristics of the genotype of parental forms, can serve as a basis for the correct selection of pairs when creating heterotic tomato hybrids with a higher adaptive potential to the action of abiotic stress factors.