The Sets of Light Diagram Model on Students’ Performance and Motivation in Teaching Mathematics in the Modern World

This study examined the effectiveness of the Sets of Light Diagram Model (SLDM) in enhancing students’ mathematics performance and motivation in the course Mathematics in the Modern World. A mixed-methods explanatory sequential design was employed, integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative phase measured students’ performance using pretest and posttest scores analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, while the qualitative phase explored students’ motivational experiences through thematic analysis of reflective journals. The results revealed that students exposed to the SLDM attained significantly higher posttest scores compared to those taught through the lecture method, indicating that the model effectively improved their understanding, accuracy, and application of mathematical concepts. Qualitative findings showed that the model fostered students’ motivation through four emerging themes: enhanced interest and enjoyment, increased confidence and independence, improved understanding and perceived usefulness, and collaboration and enjoyment through peer interaction. Overall, the study concludes that the Sets of Light Diagram Model is an effective pedagogical tool that supports both cognitive and affective dimensions of learning. It transforms abstract mathematical concepts into meaningful and engaging learning experiences, thereby promoting academic achievement and positive attitudes toward mathematics, and it offers a transferable framework for teaching other abstract mathematical concepts through manipulative visualization.