Sustainable Development of Ecological Agriculture in Daxing, Beijing: The Roles of Industrial and Management Technology, Ecological Awareness, Business Structure, and Location Advantage

The purpose of this research is to investigate the sustainable development of ecological agriculture in Daxing, Beijing, by addressing the uneven progress of sustainability efforts in suburban agricultural regions. The study examines four determinants: industrial and management ecological technology, ecological awareness, business structure, and locational advantage. A survey of 150 respondents was conducted between July and August 2023, and the data were analyzed using SPSS V21 through reliability testing, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression. The results reveal that locational advantage is a significant predictor of sustainable ecological agriculture (β = 0.323, p < 0.01, 32.3%), whereas industrial and management technology (β = 0.078, p = 0.272, 7.8%), ecological awareness (β = 0.022, p = 0.513, 2.2%), and business structure (β = 0.116, p = 0.081, 11.6%) do not exhibit statistical significance. Theoretically, this study contributes by empirically validating the role of locational resources as a primary driver of ecological agriculture, underscoring the greater influence of infrastructure relative to technology, awareness, and business models. The findings suggest that locational resources and infrastructure currently exert the strongest influence on ecological agriculture in suburban Beijing, while technological capacity, ecological consciousness, and business models remain relatively underdeveloped. From a policy perspective, the results highlight the importance of prioritizing infrastructural investments and optimizing locational resources to strengthen sustainability outcomes in suburban farming regions. Overall, this study provides empirical evidence on the drivers of sustainable ecological agriculture and offers practical, policy-oriented insights for promoting sustainable agricultural practices in rapidly urbanizing regions.