Progress in the Synthesis of Imidazole Compounds
Abstract
Imidazole compounds are a class of substances with important structural skeletons, which are not only the components of histidine, but also the components of ribonucleic acid and purine of DNA.Imidazole itself has a special "acid-base amphoteric" aromatic heterocycle structure and good electron transfer ability, so it is widely used in the fields of medicine and materials.Based on the research reports in the past five years, the common synthesis strategies are summarized according to the types of catalysts, and the future development trend of this field is prospected.Keywords imidazole; synthesis; catalyst; mechanism 分子结构中含有两个间位氮原子的五元芳杂环化 合物--咪唑, 是一种重要的含氮杂环化合物, 其不仅 广泛存在于各种天然产物、药物和材料中 [1][2] , 而且在许 多化合物中表现出显著的生物活性特征 [3][4][5] .此外, 咪唑 类化合物还具有良好的光物理性质 [6][7][8] , 可作为配体用 于均相催化 [9] 和功能化材料 [10][11] .因此, 咪唑类化合物 是化工生产中比较重要的中间体, 被广泛应用到各个领 域: (1)在工业与材料领域, 主要用作离子液体和耐高温 材料, 例如作为环氧树脂固化剂的 2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑 (A); (2)在医药领域, 主要是用于药物的合成, 例如治疗 厌氧菌感染的甲硝唑(B)以及抗恶性黑色素瘤的甲氮咪 胺(C); (3)在农药领域, 主要用于合成杀菌剂, 如抑霉唑 (D)和噻菌灵(E); (4)在生物化学领域, 可作为缓冲液, 如作为酶催化活性中心的组氨酸(F)(图 1).图 1 一些重要的咪唑类化合物 Figure 1 Some important imidazole compounds
Fields of Study & Subjects
Synthesis and Reactions of Organic Compounds
Heterocyclic Compound Synthesis and Bioactivity
Synthesis and Characterization of Pyrroles
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry
- Volume
- 46
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 455–455
- Publication date
- 1 January 2026
- Language
- EN