Breaking the habit: Evidence-based approaches to smoking cessation

Smoking is a major public health concern that significantly impacts the oral cavity, the primary site of exposure. Tobacco consumption has been linked to conditions such as leukoplakia, oral cancer and impaired wound healing and severe periodontal disease. At the same time, vaping disrupts the oral microbiome and compromises implant stability, both influenced by social, economic, behavioral and political determinants. Evidence suggests that multicomponent interventions, including dental-based programs combined with community initiatives, behavioral strategies such as Motivational Interviewing and the 5Rs framework and pharmacotherapies such as varenicline, bupropion or NRTs are essential for improving cessation outcomes and reducing tobacco-related oral health risks. Thus, we show the consequences of conventional smoking and vaping on oral tissues, periodontal structures, sensory perception, dental implants and saliva.