Examining Drivers’ Mental Models for Energy Efficient Electric Driving

When switching from vehicles with combustion engine (ICEV) to battery powered vehicles (BEV) driving behaviour has a big impact on the available driving range. Currently, there is a lack of insight regarding the knowledge drivers should have to extend range by applying eco-driving strategies. Semi-structured interviews with N = 52 ICEV drivers were conducted on known eco-driving strategies as well as measures to reduce energy consumption and their application. The results revealed that most drivers do have knowledge of eco-driving strategies and measures to some extent. However, this knowledge is not extensive and some of it is not correct. While the effect of reduced vehicle speed on energy efficiency is underestimated, the effect of assistance systems like ACC is overestimated. In addition, participants reported applying fewer strategies than they actually know. We conclude that drivers should be provided with specific knowledge on eco-driving in electric vehicles as well as instant feedback showing benefits of eco-driving to promote actual application of the correct behaviors.