Scaling Innovation

Four years of full-scale war marked by widespread destruction and ­human loss have made Ukraine into a battlefield, but also a laboratory of defense innovation, where agility, improvisation, and speed of adaptation are essential for survival. The defense-industrial integration of Ukrainian innovation with European production and funding capacity bears huge potential for Europe’s collective security. Increased cooperation would give the EU and Ukraine greater autonomy from the US and improve future deterrence against Russian aggression. But Ukrainians and their European partners will first have to overcome legal, institutional, and financial challenges.