Natural Textiles Modified by Magnetic Iron Oxide Particles for Acoustic and Electromagnetic Shielding

Magnetite particles as doping agents have been proposed to enhance the absorbing properties of materials when subjected to ultrasound waves. However, these can also affect the absorption of audible-range sounds when incorporated into textile materials, making them candidates for novel acoustic systems. Additionally, the same materials could serve as protective layers against electromagnetic radiation, making them double-functional. In this article, we present research conducted on nonwoven mats made of flax, hemp, and sheep wool fibers reinforced with jute mesh. The nonwovens were coated with multiple layers of water-based magnetite particle dispersion and tested for acoustic and electromagnetic absorption. The results indicated that magnetite particles could improve acoustic characteristics, with the degree of improvement depending on the internal structure and the type of fibers used. Simultaneously, electromagnetic shielding was achieved over specific frequency ranges. Therefore, natural textiles, when functionalized with magnetite particles, could be promising candidates for dual-adaptation materials for improved protection.