Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) differences and grading scores among cancer

Review questionTo evaluate the relationship between inflammation indices (SII) and tumor grading/staging. SearchesEmbasePubMedScopusWeb of Science Types of study to be includedThe review will cover interventional (randomized clinical trials, quasi-experimental) studies recording grading differences in SII values among cancer patients. Thus, only frequencies were collected among cancer patients and SII low and high levels and related grading score. The condition or domain being studied.Incidence of grade in cancer patients according to SII levels. Participants/populationAdults (≥18 years) cancer patients. Intervention(s), exposure(s)Cancer patients treated with immunotherapy. Comparator(s)/controlNot applicable. ContextThe World Health Organization (WHO) grading system is usually adopted to grade tumors (Louis et al., 2021). The grading helps oncologists to assess the recurrence rate and prognosis. Predicting the aggressiveness of neoplasms may influence the strategy related treatment, since, the identification of a cost-effective and reliable prognostic marker can help inform the treatment strategy and improve outcomes. The systemic immune-inflammation (SII) index is a novel biomarker that was recently found to be an independent predictor of poor prognosis in various cancers (Engin et al., 2023; Huang et al., 2019). SII index has been suggested as a marker for inflammation (Engin et al., 2023). Hypothesizing that an elevated SII index at the time of diagnosis predicts the grade and biological aggressiveness of cancers could be an advantage in clinical settings. Therefore, in the present systematic review and meta-analysis we aimed to assess SII scores associated to grading of neoplasms to investigate incidence in SII levels and cancer related aggressiveness. Main outcome(s)Association between high vs low SII and tumor stage or grade (advanced III–IV vs early 0–II).