The relationship between tourism, economic growth and environmental sustainability: empirical evidence from major tourist destinations

The positive impact of tourism on the economy of countries and their increasing commitment tothis practice has led to numerous studies in the literature, from the emergence of the TLGH at thebeginning of the century to the present day. However, destinations are no strangers to thenegative externalities generated by tourism. These negative externalities respond to a harmfulimpact on the environment, which, together with the increasing concern of governments for theenvironment, has also aroused the interest of the research field. Therefore, this study, using atechnique that is not widely used, focuses on the analysis of tourism, economic growth and theenvironment in those countries that have been part of the top 10 tourism countries during theperiod 1995-2023. The analysis reveals a variety of causality results. Finally, policyrecommendations for improvement are made on the basis of these results.