Managing supply chain resilience and cost trade-offs: aligning resources, competencies and capabilities

Existing research on supply chain resilience (SCRES) has advanced significantly; however, without considering cost, resilience remains a myopic concept detached from practical implementation. This study examines the relationship between resilience and cost from a resources, competencies, and capabilities perspective. Our systematic literature review and qualitative analysis of 129 peer-reviewed articles identify the constructs and trade-offs between SCRES and cost. Our findings suggest that the level of SCRES is determined by how companies configure existing and new resources and competencies to develop resilience capabilities.This study proposes an integrated framework for cost-effective SCRES and a practical guideline to support companiesbalance the level of SCRES within cost constraints, considering specific contexts, trade-offs, and the maturity level of resilience. It contributes to the Operations Management field by linking the maturity level of SCRES to firms’ resources, competencies, and capabilities,assisting organisations in making informed decisions to build proactive resilience in uncertain environments.