Triterpenoids and steroids from the stem bark of Caloncoba glauca (P. Beauv.) Gilg (Achariaceae)

Two previously unreported triterpenoids, glaucalic acid (1) and glaucalactone D (2), together with five known compounds identified as trichadenic acid B (3), friedelin (4), β-sitosterol (5), stigmasterol (6), and stigmasterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), were isolated from the methanolic extract of the stem bark of Caloncoba glauca (Achariaceae). The structural elucidation of all isolated compounds was achieved through the analysis of spectroscopic data, which included one-dimensional and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and comparisons with published data. These findings expand the known chemical diversity of the genus Caloncoba and reinforce the significance of friedelane-type triterpenoids as chemomarkers for this genus.