Additional file 1 of Mitigating grapevine esca disease: an innovative integrated management strategy to reduce incidence and severity by enhancing plant physiology and defence mechanisms

Supplementary Material 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Experimental design: The experimental outline of the work has been summarized in the figure highlighting the field size (1 ha), the number of leaves evaluated for the physiological measurements and the subsequent molecular analysis. Supplementary Figure 2. Ecophysiological measurements: Leaf ecophysiological measurements were collected in the Lonigo field during the year 2021. a) Net photosynthesis (Pn); b) substomatal CO2 concentration (Ci); c) stomatal conductance (gs); d) transpiration (E); e) intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), and f) instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (iCE) have been collected for STD and AF5, symptomatic (SYN) or asymptomatic (AS) plants. Data are presented as mean value of five randomly selected vines from each condition (AS and SYN plants) and treatment (STD and AF5). For each plant two fully developed non-senescent leaves at the same phenological age (4th to 5th leaf from the shoot apex) were measured. Supplementary Figure 3. Ecophysiological measurements: Leaf ecophysiological measurements were collected in the Lonigo field during the year 2022. a) Net photosynthesis (Pn); b) substomatal CO2 concentration (Ci); c) stomatal conductance (gs); d) transpiration (E); e) intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), and f) instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (iCE) have been collected for STD and AF5, symptomatic (SYN) or asymptomatic (AS) plants. Data are presented as mean value of five randomly selected vines from each condition (AS and SYN plants) and treatment (STD and AF5). For each plant two fully developed non-senescent leaves at the same phenological age (4th to 5th leaf from the shoot apex) were measured. Supplementary Table 1. Commercial vineries protocols: List of dates, formulations, and dosage of agrochemicals are reported for each vineyard and year of experimentation. Supplementary Table 2. Meteorological data: meteorological data including precipitations, relative humidity, temperature and solar radiation were collected by the meteorological station located in the vineyard. Supplementary Table 3. Differentially expressed genes in asymptomatic plants: Differentially expressed genes (both over and under-expressed) comparing AF5 treated and STD asymptomatic plants have been identified and annotated. Supplementary Table 4. Differentially expressed genes in symptomatic plants: Differentially expressed genes (both over and under-expressed) comparing AF5 treated and STD symptomatic plants have been identified and annotated.