500x Speedup on NP-Hard Vertex Cover, a Multi-Strategy Meta-Heuristic Framework Achieving
Abstract
We present Porta Aviones v3.8, a hybrid meta-heuristic framework for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems with near-optimal quality and exceptional speed. On the vertex cover problem, Porta Aviones achieves 97.8% solution quality with 503x speedup compared to Google OR-Tools CP-SAT solver across 10 independent trials (n=4,000). For large-scale instances (n=15,000), Porta Aviones produces valid solutions in 13.5 seconds, while exact solvers time out without finding solutions. The framework combines three key innovations: (1) Rosa Hybrid multistrategy parallel execution, (2) fast reduction to minimal cover in O(k · davg) time, and (3) adaptive mode selection based on problem size. We validate the framework on vertex cover, dominating set, and demonstrate a practical application to graph neural network sampling where vertex cover-based sampling preserves 39% more graph structure than random sampling. Our results demonstrate that intelligent meta-heuristics can achieve near-optimal solutions orders of magnitude faster than exact methods, enabling real-time optimization on real-world scale problems.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research
Complexity and Algorithms in Graphs
Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Figshare
- Publication date
- 4 March 2026
- Language
- EN