Reimagining Education Through IoT: Assessing the Pedagogical and Ethical Impacts of Smart Assessment Systems

This study examines how Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are supporting global education. It notes that IoT is improving assessment methods, increasing student engagement, enabling personalized learning, and strengthening educational connections across countries. It also highlights issues related to privacy and cybersecurity. Using a mixed research methodology, data were collected from 210 students and 158 teachers through questionnaires. Interviews were also conducted with 58 teachers. Quantitative data were performed using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) methods; qualitative data were performed using NVivo. Results indicated that IoT-based assessments enhance fairness and accuracy in grading and increase student participation. However, data security and privacy challenges remain. Therefore, secure digital systems need to be developed, digital skills of teachers and students need to be improved, and IoT tools need to be used in a way that is compatible with teaching methods.