Dengue incidence and climatic drivers in the Brazilian Amazon: annual ecological dataset (2001–2024)

This dataset contains annual epidemiological and environmental information used to investigate the temporal dynamics of dengue and its association with climatic variability and hydrometeorological disturbances in the Brazilian Amazon between 2001 and 2024. The dataset integrates dengue surveillance records with climatic variables and indicators of hydrological extremes, enabling ecological time-series analyses of environmental drivers of dengue transmission.Epidemiological data include the annual number of confirmed dengue cases and population estimates, allowing the calculation of incidence rates standardized per 100,000 inhabitants. Environmental variables include mean annual temperature, accumulated annual precipitation, and indicators of hydrometeorological disturbances such as heavy rainfall events, floods, and inundations. Climatic data were obtained from official meteorological records, while hydrometeorological events were compiled from national disaster monitoring databases.The dataset is aggregated at an annual temporal resolution and contains no individual-level identifiable information. It was developed to support statistical analyses of climate-health interactions, including time-series models, generalized additive models, and ecological assessments of environmental determinants of vector-borne diseases.