Household Structure Quality and Disease Occurrence in Urban Slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh

In urban slums, high-quality housing, particularly modern walls, is significantly associated with reduced disease risk that demonstrates its role as a modifiable health determinant. The association between income and disease is complex where middle-income households showing higher prevalence, and housing quality does not mediate this pathway. The study findings exhibit the need for integrated slum-upgrading policies that couple structural housing improvements with tenure security to effectively reduce urban health inequities.