Dataset 1: list of cases of coastal socioenvironmental conflicts affecting Indigenous Peoples

This dataset is resulting from a study on environmental conflicts affecting Indigenous Peoples in coastal regions. We conducted a targeted selection of cases from the Environmental Justice Atlas (EJAtlas), and, from the dataset, we first selected all recorded conflicts located in countries with marine or oceanic coastlines. We then applied a spatial filter to retain only conflicts occurring within 30 kilometers of the coastline. Next, we refined this subset to include only conflicts that directly or indirectly involved Indigenous Peoples. We applied a multiple-step identification process using complementary data sources. First, we consulted the LandMark platform, the first global database of Indigenous and community lands, to check for spatial overlap. If the conflict site was within or adjacent (< 30 Km) to Indigenous Land, it was included in our dataset. If not, we checked in the EJAtlas platform: when “Indigenous or traditional communities” were listed as mobilizing groups, we verified explicit mentions of Indigenous identifiers (e.g. First Nation, Aboriginal, pueblos originarios, tribes, afrodescendants, or specific names of ethnic groups known for the region). Cases were included if they matched our broad definition of Indigenous Peoples. We further cross-referenced our selection with Scheidel et al. (2023) and with the study of Cisneros-Montemayor et al. (2016) to ensure consistency, and used additional sources such as the International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs (IWGIA) and national datasets to validate group presence. This approach prioritizes inclusivity while acknowledging that Indigenous identities are context-specific and cannot be fully captured through standardized classifications. The dataset is the simple list of all the cases selected for the study, including: Conflict_ID_EJAtlas: an ID for each case created by us, but based on the number on the platform EJAtlasCountry: the country (or countries) where the case is occurring.Region: the region of the country, following the UN classificationIndigenous_directly_involved: Yes or No, based on the description from the platform EJAtlas.Conflict_level: level of spread of the conflict, classified as Low (some local organising), Medium (street protests, visible mobilization), High (widespread, mass mobilization, violence, arrests, etc...), Latent (widespread, mass mobilization, violence, arrests, etc...), or Unknown.Sector: the information on sector was extracted from EJAtlas, and has 10 categories: fossil_fuels: Fossil fuels and climate justice/energy - Conflicts involving energy production or conflicts caused by climate change. Examples: oil and gas exploration, extraction or refining, oil spills, coal extraction or processing, gas flaring, fracking, solar or wind energy mega-projects, geothermal energy installations, climate-change-related conflicts such as the disappearance of glaciers or islands, etc. Also described as Energy Production sector in the study.infrastructure: Infrastructure and built environment - Conflicts involving the construction of infrastructures, such as urban development projects, and transportation infrastructures, as well as the pollution resulting from them. Examples: ports, airports, highways, roads, railways, pipelines, canals, housing plots, etc.biomass_and_land_conflicts: Biomass and land conflicts (Forests, agriculture, fisheries and livestock management) - Conflicts involving land uses for agriculture, forestry, livestock or fisheries. Examples: land acquisition for agribusiness, tree plantations, livestock farms, aquaculture, timber logging, extraction of non-timber products, etc.tourism: Tourism recreation - Conflicts involving the construction of tourism facilities or the establishment of exclusive recreational areas that are mainly used as tourist attractions. Examples: hotels or marinas, fun parks, ski resorts, enclosure of coastal areas for mass tourism, urban speculation, cruises or exclusive touristic airports, etc.waste: Waste management - Conflicts involving waste management either creating unequal environmental burdens and/or health problems in specific areas or over privatisation of waste. Examples include incinerators, co-incineration facilities, toxic and e-waste disposal, polluting landfills, uncontrolled or unwanted dumping sites, ship-breaking yards, waste privatisation, excluding waste pickers from their recycling practices etc.biodiversity_conservation_conflicts: Biodiversity conservation conflicts - Conflicts involving terrestrial and aquatic nature conservation initiatives. Examples: protected areas and other conservation zones, REDD+, wildlife corridors, etc.water: Water management - Conflicts linked to the access to and control over (mainly fresh-) water resources. Examples include dams, transboundary water conflicts, inter-basin water transfers, desalination plants, water access rights and entitlements, water privatisation, water treatment and access to sewage facilities, etc.nuclear: Nuclear - Conflicts involving nuclear energy production and waste disposal, including uranium extraction, transportation, nuclear power plants, nuclear waste storage, etc.mineral_extraction: Mineral ores and building materials extraction - Conflicts involving mining, including extraction, transportation, waste material disposal, and raw processing. Examples: conflicts linked to mineral ore exploration and processing, tailings from mines, extraction of building materials such as sand, gravel, quarries, etc.industrial: Industrial and utilities conflicts - Conflicts involving industrial activities and related pollution. Examples: chemical industries, metal refineries, manufacturing activities, cement or aluminium factories, industrial zones, etc. It also includes military installations and related pollution.