A simple controllable gyroscope for sensing and understanding rotation motion

Although rotational motion is a common phenomenon in everyday life, the physical quantities associated with it are less intuitive than those quantities of linear motion, often leading to confusion among physics students. When studying rotational motion, students encounter new concepts, such as the moment of inertia ($I$), torque($\vec \tau$), and angular momentum ($\vec L$), which are not always immediately comprehensible. Often, these parameters are merely associated with their analogous counterparts such as mass ($m$), force ($\vec F$), and linear momentum ($\vec p$), respectively, without a deeper conceptual understanding \cite{tpt-otto, FE-2023}.