Erosion of Cultural and Architectural Identity of Bahrain in the Face of Globalization

As Bahrain's urban landscape transforms under the influence of global design standards, many vernacular architectural elements—such as wind towers, courtyards, and coral stone facades—are being replaced by generic modern structures. In this context, this research investigates the erosion of cultural and architectural identity of Bahrain amidst increasing globalization. The study focuses on how these architectural changes impact national identity, particularly from the perspective of Bahraini youth. The observations research were employs a mixed-methods approach. Site conducted at three representative locations: Sheikh Isa bin Ali House (traditional), Seef District (modern), and Bahrain National Theatre (hybrid). These were analyzed alongside data gathered from a structured questionnaire targeting Bahraini youth aged 18–30. Behavioral mapping, architectural documentation, and survey responses provided both qualitative and quantitative insights into public perception and spatial interaction. Findings reveal architectural features a and strong a preference for traditional widespread concern that modern architecture lacks cultural resonance. Spaces with hybrid or locally inspired designs were perceived more positively. The research concludes that integrating traditional elements within contemporary frameworks is both feasible and desired. This approach offers a viable solution for preserving Bahrain’s architectural heritage while accommodating urban development.