Precision systems in dairy farms related to monitoring and management of some reproductive and health indicators - A review

Precision dairy farming (PDF) systems are developed through the use of sensor technologies, sound analysis, image analysis, and processing of results through special algorithms with continuous monitoring and analysis of data in real time - 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The aim of this study is to analyze the use of precise monitoring systems related to certain health and reproductive indicators in dairy cows. These systems have the ability to collect, process and analyze information on motor activity, detection of cows in estrus, monitoring of rumen and body temperature, condition of limbs and hooves, as well as mastitis control. Precise monitoring systems allow farmers and consultants to make management decisions based on information, both at the level of an individual animal and for the entire herd. The information from such systems cannot be subjective, nor can it be manipulated even by chance, which makes it objective. Whether the decisions that farmers and consultants make are correct depends, however, not only on the information received, but also on their knowledge and skills.