The Role of Energy Diplomacy in Securing the National Interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran During the Rouhani Presidency

The present study aims to examine the role of energy diplomacy in securing the national interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran during the presidency of Hassan Rouhani. This research analyzes various dimensions of energy diplomacy, including primary objectives (sustainable energy production and supply, interaction with other countries, and identification of target markets) and secondary objectives (diversification of energy partners, leveraging Iran’s geographical position, technological development, and reduction of energy costs). The research methodology is based on correlation analysis, ANOVA statistical tests, and multivariate regression, along with SWOT analysis and the TOPSIS decision-making model. The findings indicate that energy diplomacy, through a strategic and multidimensional approach, has played a significant role in securing national interests and expanding international interactions and market diversification. In addition, challenges such as economic sanctions and weaknesses in energy technology have been identified as major obstacles. Ultimately, the study emphasizes the importance of developing indigenous technologies and enhancing strategic cooperation to ensure the country’s future energy security and sustainability.