IoT-Based Smart Transportation System Using Optical Fiber Communication for Enhanced Safety and Efficient Data Transmission

The rapid growth of urbanization and motorized transportation has resulted in increased traffic congestion, higher accident rates, and significant challenges in ensuring road safety and efficient transportation management. Traditional transportation systems often lack real-time monitoring, intelligent decision-making, and reliable communication infrastructures required to address these challenges. The emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) has enabled the development of smart transportation systems through real-time data collection, vehicle monitoring, and predictive analytics. However, the effectiveness of such systems is highly dependent on the underlying communication network. This research proposes an IoT-based smart transportation system utilizing optical fiber communication as a high-speed, low-latency, and reliable backbone for data transmission. The proposed system integrates IoT sensors with an optical fiber network to support real-time traffic monitoring, accident prevention mechanisms, and efficient data exchange. The system is designed and evaluated using simulation tools, including OptiSystem and MATLAB, to assess key performance parameters such as bit error rate, signal quality, transmission distance, and system reliability. The simulation results demonstrate that optical fiber communication significantly enhances data transmission performance and system stability, making it a suitable solution for next-generation intelligent transportation systems.