Cultural landscapes: Discourse since UNESCO 1992

Cultural landscapes (CLs) is a recognized concept within urban and rural landscapes since introduction by UNESCO in 1992. CLs are valued for the landscape characters and heritage values attached to them. Memories due to history that shape identities are also important contribution by CLs. Studies on CLs in Africa as part of the Global South are scanty despite the importance of these landscapes. The study involved content analysis of open access articles on “cultural landscape” and related term of “cultural heritage landscapes”. Findings reveal three categories of various CL typologies and scales by UNESCO with several inscribed-on world heritage list so far. Apart from the culture and nature as the main ingredients in CLs, studies among scholars have been carried to assess and document various sub dimensions that vary from place to place depending on landscape characteristics and aspects of culture. Areas of concern in the discourse include threats from land uses due to urbanization, agriculture. There is need for public participation in preparation of inventories through identification and assessment, need for policies to guide their conservations at different levels. The study recommends enacting of local policies at the national and lower levels to protect, conserve and manage the CLs that have already been recognized for protection after inventorying.