Caracterización nutricional antropométrica, bioquímica, inmunológica y hematológica de la población infantil de la parroquia Julcuy

Nutrition is a fundamental aspect of optimal health for all individuals, starting from the earliest stages of life. The objective of this study was to characterize the anthropometric, biochemical, immunological, and hematological nutritional status of the child population in the Julcuy parish. A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional methodology was applied. Of the 28 children under 5 years of age, 39.3% (n=11) were male and 60.7% (n=17) were female; In terms of sociodemographic conditions, 78.6% (n=22) of the children were found to be at no risk of malnutrition, 96.4% (n=27) were at low risk of unsafe water consumption, and 92.9% (n=26) were at low risk of poverty. Regarding the nutritional knowledge of their guardians, 75.0% (n=21) of the children consumed fruits and vegetables daily, and 64.3% (n=18) followed healthy eating habits at home. In terms of anthropometric parameters, 89.3% (n=25) presented a healthy weight. In the biochemical parameters, in serum iron 78.6% (n=22) were within normal values, while 21.4% (n=6) presented iron deficiency, in immunology, the complement C3 and C4 reference values were normal and, finally, in hematology, it was shown that 75.0% (n=21) presented low hemoglobin (anemia). It was concluded that socioeconomic factors and food deficiencies directly influence children's health and nutrition, demonstrating the need for interventions that improve access to adequate food and medical monitoring to promote children's health.