Implementation of E-Worksheet Based on Problem-Based Learning Containing Education for Sustainable Development Use of Waste-Cooked Oil as a Washing Soap Ingredient to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Abilities

Improving the quality of education is necessary to face global challenges and avoid national backwardness through critical thinking skills. This study aims to implement and evaluate E-Worksheet based on problem-based learning (PBL) with education for sustainable development (ESD) content by raising the issue of managing used cooking oil waste as a material for making environmentally friendly laundry soap. This research is an impure experimental research (quasi-experimental) which is a follow-up to development research. The research subjects were 30 students of SMA Teuku Umar Semarang in the 2024/2025 academic year. The research instruments included critical thinking questions and student response questionnaires. Previous research showed that the PBL-based E-Worksheet with ESD content was declared feasible based on validation and readability results, so it can be used for large-scale trials. The results of this E-Worksheet implementation study were quite effective in improving critical thinking skills with an N-gain score of 0.56 and were practical to use with a positive response of 78%. The implementation of this E-Worksheet also increased student awareness of sustainable household waste management. In addition, learning activities encouraged active student participation in solving problems relevant to everyday life. This indicates that the PBL-based E-Worksheet with ESD content supports the achievement of sustainable education goals at the secondary school level.